Cool@Hoole

Hidden Gem: 1892 Baptist hymnal

I recently stumbled upon an interesting item in the Manly Family papers manuscript collection: a hymn book from 120 years ago, with selections chosen by Basil Manly, Jr., a Baptist minister and educator.

The book was published in the year of Manly’s death, perhaps as a tribute or memorial.While it doesn’t contain any music, just the words to the hymns, it does include a notation above each song indicating what kind of meter it has. For example, the lines in “Love Divine, All Love Excelling” alternate 8 and 7 syllables, as noted:

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The book contains some still-familiar hymns, like “Nearer My God to Thee” and “Blest Be the Tie That Binds,” and the Christmas songs “Hark the Herald Angels Sing” and “Joy to the World.”

Some song seem familiar but on closer inspection offer surprises. The popular hymn “Amazing Grace” is included here, but with a different final verse than we’re used to:

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Apparently, the verse we know as the last — beginning “When we’ve been there then thousand years” — is a later addition.

To hear a couple of these songs performed, check out these recordings from the Harald Rohlig Organ Music collection:

Battle of Chickamauga

“…I see a hog and
black sheep dead. poor things they
ought to keep away from where man
meets in fearful combat. it is strange
that the most intelligent beings on earth
endowed with reason and sense cannot
settle disputes without resorting to
…brute force”

–John A. Vaughn, Confederate soldier, Sept. 22, 1863

Today marks the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Chickamauga, a strategic win for the Confederates — but at a terrible loss of life for both sides. Of the approximately 125,000 troops involved, over 34,000 (almost 30 percent!) were killed, wounded, or captured. It ranks as one of the costliest battles of the Civil War, second only to Gettysburg.

One of our digitized diaries from the period was written by a soldier who participated in the battle and lived to tell the tale. You can read John A. Vaughn’s account by clicking on the pages below, which have been transcribed here.

Vaughn diary page

John A. Vaughn diary, pg. 62, Sept. 19-21, 1863

 

Vaughn diary page

John A. Vaughn diary, pg. 63, Sept. 22-25, 1863

Sept 20
The fight is general to day. we join our command & Col Wade is placed in Command of the Brigade. late in the evening we reach “Lee & Gordons Mills“, on the Chickamauga creek. on our right a heavy discharge & musketry is heard. we are dismantled and marched across the creek in the direction of the enemys lines. we take water very well. it is the first time I have “taken water” in a long time. we march on in double quick and take an ambulance & soon after a Hopsital with sick & wounded. John [Jawes?] of the 34th Ala was in this Hospital wounded and a prisoner, but we released him & pushed on & took another Hospital with sick and wounded, we return to “Lee & Gordons Mills” & Bivouac for the night. we get nothing to eat, but our boys are cheerful, anxious for the fight. we have to make the enemys comisarys our comisarys

Sept 21st
To day we operate in the Chattanooga Valley. Wharton is in advance. he attack the enemy & they flee & leave their wagon train & some comisarys; which the boys put to a good use. we followed [pg. 63] in hast through the thick and disagreeable dust but are unable to catch up. we capture the wagon train & a great deal of plunder. some of the wagons are burnt but the most of them are safely carried out we return to “Lee & Gordons Mills” & find Major Wright who has brought something for us to eat, but the Major got in too late to have “a hand in the drawing”

Sept 22
We pass over the Battleground and see the mangled dead in every direction, some one shot in the leg, some in the breast and one poor fellow has his head shot off completely & another is burnt up caught from a burning fence. dead horses are laying piled on the battle field and I see a hog and black sheep dead. poor things they ought to keep away from where man meets in fearful combat. it is strange that the most intelligent beings on earth endowed with reason and sense cannot settle disputes without resorting to force and brute force the enemy’s loss is great they have been driven in confusion from the field

A Slice of Life: The Helen Cline Papers

Who is Helen Cline? In the grand scheme of things, she’s not an important person from our nation’s past, but in a way she is: she is an example of the millions of “ordinary” people who make the world go ’round.

The 69 letters sent to Cline from her mother detail the kinds of concerns women had in the late 1940s. Mrs. Lewis’s handwriting can be a bit challenging, but the benefit of reading through a cohesive collection like this is you begin to learn the writers’ individual styles.

A sample letter is transcribed below, from Mrs. Lewis, living in the big city of Los Angeles, to her daughter Helen in Evanston, a moderate-sized town north of Chicago on Lake Michigan:

letter page 1

Friday Afternoon
June 9 1948

My dear Helen

The clouds have been
heavy all day — but its
good for us and all
the growing things

I baked cookies
this morning — just the
Old Fashioned cookies
I always make — I have
not tried your recipe yet
will next time thank
you for sending it

I have been and am
feeling miserable — Tis said
that people who are always

letter page 2

well hollow the loudest
when they get something
the matter with them but
I feel like going up stairs
locking the door, getting
into bed & staying there

When I have finished
this I am getting dressed
& taking Miss West a box
of cookies — thats not a
bait — I really like her
and find her quite
interesting — and she
is good for what ails
me — lonesomeness —
she calls for me in her
Cadalac limozine with

letter page 3

a very dignified negro
man at the wheel —
she tucks the robe
around me as if I were
her mother — and God knows
I need a little such
attention — & get very little
of it these days —

Every one says she
deserves a great deal
of credit — as does
Joan Crawford — both
came from nowhere
both have succeeded
beyond their own expectations

I read not so long
ago — that when Joan went
to a party — when she entered

letter page 4

it was likened to
turning on a great
chandileir — she has
studied & studied — always
trying to make herself
more better

Right here [near?] should
to find out just what they
would take for the house
we looked at day before
yesterday — How well I
know that question does
not make a sale — But this
is the nearest I have ever
to a deal with her

Well I suppose I had better
not say more — I suppose it
has already put me on
the black list — but if
Stalin or Al Capone or Joe Louis

letter page 5

would call on him Ask
him if he could do
[?] with them or
gather his raiment tight
around him for fear he
would be contaminated
I would even close
a deal with Henry Wallace

I have not yet heard
from your friend Margot.
I will try and call her
some day soon —

I hope you are well
and that the [?] did
not (get you down / do you in)

Write whenever you can

From your Mother

Modern Pocket Hoyle game rulebook

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Ever heard the phrase “according to Hoyle”? It means that something complies with a strict set of rules, and it’s a reference to the gaming rulebooks of Edmond Hoyle and all the later versions building on his format.

The Modern Pocket Hoyle in our digital collections, circa 1880, describes the rules of “all the games of skill and chance as played…at the present time.” It contains rules for card, dice, and board games as well as things we would now more properly call sports (baseball, lacross).

Entries for familiar games include rules for Backgammon, Billiards, Checkers, Chess, Dominoes, Draw Poker, Roulette, and Shuffleboard.

backgammon rulesOther now less popular games like Euchre and Whist are in the book, too, as well as games you’ve likely never heard of, such as Catch the Ten, Faro, French Boston, Game of Spots (a really simple card game, see below), Loo, Pedro Sancho, Skat, Sweat, and Whiskey Poker.

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So what was a like when people got together to play games like this?

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Witness to the Fort Mims Massacre, 1813

Normally, I would call this item a hidden gem, but the subject matter is pretty grisly. Two hundred years ago, during the Creek War, the “Red Stick” faction of the local Muskogee Creeks attacked and captured Fort Mims, less than an hour north of what is now Mobile, Alabama. Over 500 people were killed, including both soldiers at the fort and civilians who lived there, including women and children.

W. S. Hoole Special Collections Library has a letter written by Jesse Griffin, who lived near the Fort and bore witness to the attack. Griffin later lost his life fighting in the Creek War, along with his brother David. (Special thanks to Donnelly Walton and Jennifer Matthews Land for the transcription and additional information on Griffin.)

JesseGriffin-letter-pg1

St. Stephens 5th Sept 1813

Beloved parents in great confusion I drop you a line.
The Indians has murdered at the lowest calculation
four hundred souls within five days on our frontiers
and a frontier of one hundred miles have been
visited by them xxxxxxxx at the same time.
I am at this time fifty miles from home with my
family I have lost my crop of corn horses and
Every part of stock and a good part of my
[house]hold furniture our country is compleat
[ly des]troyed. David and myself share the same
[ ] greatest part of the inhabitants have
[ ] Expect

JesseGriffin-letter-pg2

pray back by the first opportunity – I have
not heard from Brother Thos since the 12
of March He was then well no more time
Fairwell your affectionate son

Jesse Griffin

For more on the battle, see this article from the Encyclopedia of Alabama. It really puts the battle in context:

“The Red Sticks’ assault on Fort Mims ranks as one of the great successes of Indian warfare. The massacre of civilians, however, rallied American armies under the cry ‘Remember Fort Mims.’ The resultant Creek War culminated in a decisive victory for U.S. forces in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend on March 27, 1814, and the Creek Nation’s subsequent cession of over 20 million acres of land to the U.S. in the Treaty of Fort Jackson. Continuing outrage surrounding the Fort Mims Massacre contributed to the eventual forced removal of Creeks and other Indians from the Southeast in the 1830s.”

Campus Rewind: Ferguson Student Center

Earlier this week, we looked at the old student union, in the building we now know as Reese Phifer Hall. In 1972, the area to the north of Woods Hall might’ve looked a bit like it does now, with construction underway on the Ferguson Student Center, the new student union.

Incidentally, the Ferg was supposed to be built exactly where Woods Hall is — student intervention saved that old building from being torn down to make way for the new student center.

Click on any of the images below to see them at full size.

Aerial shot of campus, 1979, with the Ferguson Center in the left middle of the frame

Aerial shot of campus, 1979, with the Ferguson Center in the middle left of the frame

Ferguson Center at night, 1970s

Ferguson Student Center at night, mid-late 1970s

What do users need?

Lately I find myself pursuing clarity on how we should efficiently and effectively provide primary source materials online. Without a better feedback loop, how can we possibly address this issue?

The panel I chaired (Exploring the User Experience with Digital Primary Sources at the Society of American Archivists 2013 annual meeting on August 15th was very well received. Here’s more information about it:

More and more, many of us are focusing on providing online access to special collections and archives materials. At the same time, funding is dropping, so we need to ensure what we’re doing is effective and efficient.

There are multiple questions that we need to answer, such as:

  • Who are our users?
  • What are they doing on our sites?
  • What do we need to change, in order to meet their needs?

Each of our presenters approached one or more of these questions in a different way:

(My report on this conference is available here.)

My last few forays into user studies, complete with lit reviews, have left me certain that we need best practices for how best to perform our assessments. So I contacted some folks I highly respect and proposed a working session at the upcoming 2013 Digital Library Federation (DLF) Forum. Our proposal, “Hunting for Best Practices in Digital Library Assessment,” will take place on Monday, November 4, 2013, from 1:30 to 3:00 PM. Here’s the session description:

Research and cultural heritage institutions are increasingly focused on providing online access to digital special collections and archives. Since funding to these institutions is simultaneously decreasing, we need to strategically focus our efforts, and better understand and measure their value, impact, and associated costs.

However, methods in digital libraries are not yet standardized for identifying user groups; measuring usage, impact, cost and value; obtaining feedback; or analyzing results. As a result, findings cannot effectively be generalized.

What strategic information do we need to collect in order to make intelligent decisions? How can we best collect, analyze, and communicate that information effectively?

Examples of efforts to address these questions will be shared by panelists, along with problems encountered. Audience participants will be asked to help brainstorm how best to standardize evaluation methods. We are testing the waters for the potential of a collaborative effort to build community guidelines for best practices in digital library assessment. By the end of the session, we hope to have consensus on the main areas of need for establishing assessment best practices, as well as at least one actionable idea for moving towards this objective.

My esteemed co-presenters for this working session include:

  • Sherri Berger, California Digital Library
  • Joyce Chapman, State Library of North Carolina
  • Cristela Garcia-Spitz, University of California, San Diego
  • Lauren Menges, University of North Carolina

If you are interested, I hope you will join us there!

Campus Rewind: Alabama Union Building

Before there was the Ferguson Center, there was the Alabama Union building. Now known as Reese Phifer Hall, housing the College of Communication and Information Sciences, the building served as the student union for forty years, from its construction in 1929 to the completion of the Ferg in the early 1970s.

The Alabama Union building housed the dining hall and the Supe Store, and with its corner location and lofty steps, it often served as the focal point for big discussions on campus. In fact, it still provides a prominent place for public protests, such as the 2005 marathon reading of Alabama’s long, unwieldy state constitution.

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1950s)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1950s, rear, from a building across the street)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1945, view from the Alabama Union steps)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(dining room, late 1960s)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(coffee bar, late 1960s)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(commons, late 1960s)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1964, during SGA elections)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1968, during peace vigil for Vietnam War)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(May 1970, during period of unrest after the Kent State and Jackson State student shootings; see this post for more on that time, including pictures inside the Alabama Union and out)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(May 1970, C&BA Professor John Bickley with students)

Alabama Union Bldg, now Reese Phifer Hall
(1940s)

Sorority Rush 2013

Sorority rush is upon us here at UA. Today we revisit images of rushes past.

sorority rush
(Alpha Gamma Delta Rush Tea, 1943)

u0002_0000002_0001958_0009_2048(1957)

u0002_0000002_0001959_0017_2048_ed(1958)

sorority rush
(Alpha Delta Pi rush, ca. 1965)

sorority rush
(ca. 1965 — Do you know which sorority this is? Let us know.)

sorority rush
(Delta Delta Delta rush, 1967)

sorority rush
(ca. 1970 — Do you know which sorority this is? Let us know.)

sorority rush
(Delta Delta Delta Squeal day, 1980)

sorority rush
(Alpha Gamma Delta member being pinned, 1967)

Hidden Pictures are Dynamite!

I found this unusual bit of advertising while scanning a box from our Perkins collection. The advertisement is promoting the purchase of dynamite for the use of subsoiling. I’m not sure if using a toy-like device with hidden folk-tale pictures is a standard practice in dynamite marketing, but that was the direction that Jefferson Powder Co. of Birmingham, AL decided to take in the 1930’s.

The “device” works by having a picture printed in red ink on top of a separate picture printed in black ink. The eye naturally picks up only the red picture on top, but when you view the picture through a red filter (in this case, a piece of red celluloid film) you can then clearly see the hidden black ink picture. The first set of pictures appear to be a depiction of the folk-tale “Hansel & Gretel”. I am unfamiliar with the story depicted in the second set of pictures.

It is also interesting to note that Jefferson Powder commissioned this advertisement to be printed by “Adv. Novelty Co” of Chicago, but the ad itself was printed in Bavaria, Germany; an early example of outsourcing.

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-Austin Dixon, Digitization Technologist | Hoole Library